anxiety

본 연구의 목적은 수용-전념 치료 (ACT)가 과도하게 걱정하는 대학생들의 걱정, 상태 및 특성불안, 불확실성에 대한 인내력, 정서조절 및 경험회피에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이다. 4년제 대학교에 다니고 있는 학생 400명을 대상으로 펜실베니아 걱정증상 질문지, Spielberger 상태-특성불안척도, 불확실성에 대한 인내력 부족 척도, 한국판 정서 조절 곤란척도, 수용-행동 질문지를실시하였고, 이 중 걱정과 불안 수준이 높은 학생들을 선별하였다. 무선표집을 통하여 선별된 학생들과 사전면담을 실시하였고, 연구참여에 동의한 학생들을 수용-전념치료집단에 8명, 대기목록통제집단에 8명 배정하였다. 수용-전념치료 집단 참가자들은 주 2회, 총 10회의 치료를 받았으며, 치료 후, 6주 후 추적 조사를 진행하였다. 대기목록 통제집단 참가자들은 수용-전념 치료집단 치료 후, 6주 후 추적조사를 진행하였고, 추적 조사가 마무리 된 후 치료집단과 동일한 치료를 받았다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 수용-전념 치료 (ACT) 집단은 대기목록 통제집단보다 치료 후 걱정, 불안, 불확실성에 대한 인내력 부족, 정서조절곤란, 경험회피 수준이 감소되었고, 이러한 변화는 추적까지 유지되었다. 반면 대기목록 통제집단은 치료 전, 치료 후, 추적조사에서 유의한 변화가 없었다. 끝으로 연구의 의의 제한점 및 후속 연구에 대한 제언이 논의되었다.

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a disabling condition which can be treated with cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT). The present study tested the effects of therapist-guided internet-delivered acceptance-based behaviour therapy on symptoms of GAD and quality of life. An audio CD with acceptance and mindfulness exercises and a separate workbook were also included in the treatment. Participants diagnosed with GAD (N = 103) were randomly allocated to immediate therapist-guided internet-delivered acceptance-based behaviour therapy or to a waiting-list control condition. A six month follow-up was also included. Results using hierarchical linear modelling showed moderate to large effects on symptoms of GAD (Cohen's d = 0.70 to 0.98), moderate effects on depressive symptoms (Cohen's d = 0.51 to 0.56), and no effect on quality of life. Follow-up data showed maintained effects. While there was a 20% dropout rate, sensitivity analyses showed that dropouts did not differ in their degree of change during treatment. To conclude, our study suggests that internet-delivered acceptance-based behaviour therapy can be effective in reducing the symptoms of GAD.

Objective: To explore the relationship between cognitive fusion and the state of anxiety and depression of perinatal women and to provide empirical evidences for acceptance and commitment therapy in mental treatment of anxiety and depression in perinatal women.

Methods: 309 perinatal women collected by cluster random sampling were assessed with self-made general information questionnaire,Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS),Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ) in predelivcry period and 3-7 days after childbirth respectively.

Results: (1) CFQ scores in the predelivery or postpartum anxiety group ((32.18±10.78),(31.54±10.30))were higher than that in the normal group((21.49±9.56),(20.84±9.82)),and the difference was statistically significant (t=-8.26,-8.22;all P=0.000);CFQ scores in the predelivery or postpartum depression group ((26.74 ±11.76),(26.84 ± 12.11)) were higher than that in the normal group((23.06± 10.33),(21.79±9.90)),and the difference was statistically significant(t=-2.76,-3.71;P=0.006,0.000).(2)It was found that the predelivery or postpartum CFQ scores were positively associated with the SAS scores of predelivery periods and postpartum periods respectively(r=0.51,0.45,0.50,0.55;P=0.000);the predelivery or postpartum CFQ scores were positively associated with the SDS scores of predelive1y periods and postpartum periods respectively (r =0.26,0.31,0.21,0.38;P =0.000).(3) Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were then conducted.The predelivery CFQ had a significant effect on postpartum SAS(△R 2=0.02,P=0.006)and postpartum SDS respectively(△R 2=0.02,P=0.006),and the regression equations were statistically significant.

Conclusion: A function to predict the occurrence of matemal postpartum anxiety and depression is obtained from the cognitive fusion which is attributed to the risk of maternal postpartum anxiety and depression.

Full text available: http://caod.oriprobe.com/articles/48674718/Relationship_between_cognitive_fusion_and_the_state_of_anxiety_and_dep.htm

본 연구의 목적은 사회불안장애 여자 대학생을 대상으로 CBT와 ACT를 실시하고 그 효과를 비교하는 것이다. 연구대상은 사회불안장애 진단을 받은 여자 대학생 21명으로 CBT집단, ACT집단, 통제집단에 각각 7명씩 무선 배정되었다. CBT 프로그램과 ACT 프로그램은 각각 총 10회기로 주 2회 매 회기 120분씩 진행되었다. 프로그램의 효과 분석을 위해 사전, 사후 및 추후검사를 실시하였다. 본 연구의 주요결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 프로그램 실시 후 CBT집단의 인지적 특성(역기능적 사고, 사회적 상호작용 자기진술), 정서적 특성(수행불안, 사회적 상호작용불안) 및 행동적 특성(자기주장행동)은 모두 유의한 변화를 나타냈다. ACT집단의 경우, 긍정적인 사회적 상호작용 자기진술을 제외한 인지적 특성, 정서적 특성(수행불안), 행동적 특성 및 마음챙김 특성(마음챙김, 수용태도)은 유의한 변화를 나타낸 반면, 정서적 특성 중 사회적 상호작용불안은 유의한 변화를 나타내지 않았다. 둘째, 프로그램 실시 3개월 후에도 CBT집단과 ACT집단의 변화는 그대로 유지되었다. 또한 ACT집단의 경우, 사전-사후검사에서 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았던 사회적 상호작용불안이 사전-추후검사에서 유의한 감소를 나타냈다.

Full text: http://www.ksebd.org/board/contentnew.asp?tb=ksedldg&code=ksedldj&num=1599&ref=857&page=1&startpage=1&key=%B0%ED%C0%B1%C1%A4&k_s=1&k_e=1&k_w=0

Objective: To better understand the role interpersonal problems play in response to two treatments for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD); an acceptance-based behavior therapy (ABBT) and applied relaxation (AR), and to examine how the development of mindfulness may be related to change in interpersonal problems over treatment and at follow-up.

Method: Eighty-one individuals diagnosed with GAD (65.4% female, 80.2% identified as white, average age 32.92) were randomized to receive 16 sessions of either ABBT or AR. GAD severity, interpersonal problems, and mindfulness were measured at pre-treatment, post-treatment, 6-month follow-up, and 12-month follow-up.

Results: Mixed effect regression models did not reveal any significant effects of pre-treatment interpersonal problems on GAD severity over treatment. After controlling for post-treatment GAD severity, remaining post-treatment interpersonal problems predicted 6- but not 12-month GAD severity. Participants in both conditions experienced a large decrease in interpersonal problems over treatment. Increases in mindfulness over treatment and through follow-up were associated with decreases in interpersonal problems, even when accounting for reductions in overall GAD severity.

Conclusions: Interpersonal problems may be an important target of treatment in GAD, even if pre-treatment interpersonal problems are not predictive of outcome. Developing mindfulness in individuals with GAD may help ameliorate interpersonal difficulties among this population.

본 연구에서는 일반 대학생들을 대상으로 발표상황에 대한 불안반응들을 감소시키는데 있어 수용처치가 의사소통 교육에 비해 더 효과적인지, 그리고 이러한 효과가 참가자들의 특질발표불안 수준에 따라 달라지는지를 검토해 보고자 하였다. 사전 검사를 작성한 대학생들 중에서 실험에 동의한 76명이 실험에 참여하였으며, 수용처치조건과 교육조건에 38명씩 동일한 수의 참가자들이 무선 할당하였다. 실험 참가자들에게 즉석에서 발표를 요청하고 준비토록 함으로써 발표불안을 유도한 후, 각자 배정된 조건에 상응하는 처치를 받았다. 분석 결과, 예상대로, 치료 직후에 측정된 참가자들의 주관적 불안반응, 수축기 및 확장기 혈압에 대한 처치조건의 주효과가 유의하였는데, 이러한 불안측정치들이 치료 직후에 교육조건에 비해 수용처치조건에서 더 크게 감소함을 나타낸다. 또한, 확장기 혈압에 대해서는 처치조건과 특질발표불안의 상호작용효과가 유의하였는데, 교육조건과 달리 수용조건에서는 특질발표불안이 높을수록 확장기 혈압이 더 떨어지는 양상을 보였다. 발표 직후에 측정된 종속변인들 어떤 것에 대해서도 처치조건의 주효과 및 처치조건과 특질발표불안의 상호작용효과 둘 다 유의하지 않았으나, 특질발표불안의 주효과는 유의하였는데 특질발표불안 수준이 높을수록 수행불안 행동빈도와 안전행동의 정도가 더 크다는 점을 나타낸다. 예상대로, 이완기 후에 측정된 참가자들의 수축기 및 확장기 혈압에 대해서는 처치조건과 특질발표불안의 상호작용효과가 유의하였는데, 이 두 가지 혈압을 감소시키는데 있어 교육조건 대비 수용처치조건의 우수한 효과가 참가자들의 특질발표불안수준이 높을수록 더 크다는 점을 나타낸다. 이 결과들은 수용처치가 대학생들의 발표불안반응들을 감소시키는데 부분적으로 효과적이며, 이러한 효과를 특질발표불안수준이 부분적으로 중재할 가능할 가능성을 시사한다.

Full text: https://www.earticle.net/Article/A253154

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women that as a sudden event has profound effects on all aspects of patients’ lives. Psychosocial interventions may play important roles in reducing anxiety and depression among breast-cancer survivors. Therefore, group training based on acceptance and commitment therapy may help women to cope better with their condition, and decrease their anxiety and depression.

Methods: In a quasi-experimental study, 30 patients with breast cancer were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to 2 experimental and control groups. The experimental group attended acceptance and commitment training classes for 8 weeks continuously (each class lasting 90 minutes). Participants in both the experimental and control groups completed Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BHI-) as a pretest and posttest. Analysis of Covariance was used as the statistical method.

Results: In acceptance and commitment group training, anxiety and depression significantly decreased (p<0/05). These changes were not observed in the control group.

Conclusion: The results showed that group training based on acceptance and commitment therapy is an effective method in reducing anxiety and depression. Hence psychological interventions can be used to reduce psychological difficulties of women with breast cancer.

Background: Chronic pain is one of the most current multi-dimensional problems which its

management requires medical and psychological interventions. This study aimed to evaluate the

effectiveness of group-based acceptance and commitment therapy on pain-related anxiety, acceptance

of pain and pain intensity in patients with chronic pain.

Methods: In a randomized clinical trial study, 30 patients met entry criteria were selected from

medical centers affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, using purposive

sampling. They were divided randomly into two groups. Research instruments were Chronic Pain

Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ), Short Form of Pain-Related Anxiety Symptoms Scale (PASS-20),

Pain Intensity Scale (PIS) and a demographic questionnaire. Experimental group were treated with

acceptance and commitment therapy during the 8 sessions of 1.5 hours. Follow-up period was two

months after the last treatment session.

Findings: Acceptance and commitment therapy showed a reduction in pain related anxiety and pain

intensity and increase in acceptance of the pain (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: Findings indicates the effectiveness of this new behavioral therapy which is probably

more appropriate for Iranian patients because of integrating behavioral therapy methods with eastern

treatment techniques.

Objective:

Evidenced-based psychotherapies are not well researched for palliative care patients experiencing unrelenting anxiety about dying, even less research is focused on young adult palliative care patients with death anxiety. The aim of this study is to provide preliminary data regarding potential clients' perceptions of using evidenced based treatments with dying populations who are experiencing death anxiety.

Methods:

104 college students were used as potential clients and randomly assigned to watch either a short video of a cognitive therapy (CT) session or of an acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) session focused on treating a young adult diagnosed with an acute lymphoid leukemia expressing death anxiety. After watching the video, potential clients rated the session impact of the therapy approach using the Session Evaluation Questionnaire.

Results:

No differences in ratings of session impact were found between potential clients who viewed the CT session and the ACT session. In regards to potential clients' views of session impact variables, their view of session smoothness was positively related to their post-session positivity, but inversely related to their view of session depth. Additionally, a positive correlation was found between potential clients' views of the therapist and session depth.

Significance of results:

This preliminary study suggests that palliative care patients expressing death anxiety may benefit from either ACT or CT for death anxiety, however, future research is needed to explore the usefulness of each approach. Findings of this study support the theory that ACT and CT are viewed to have a similar session impact in the palliative care population.

본 연구에서는 발표불안을 가지고 있는 대학생들을 대상으로 수용 전념 치료(ACT) 프로그램이 사회적 회피, 자기-초점적 주의에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 전북 지역에 소재하고 대학교 400명 대학생들에게 사전 검사에서 사회적 회피 및 불안, 자기-초점적 주의, 발표불안 척도를 실시하였다. 이를 토대로 발표불안이 있는 대학생 22명을 참가자로 선정하여 수용 전념 치료 프로그램 집단과 대기통제 집단에 11명으로 무선할당 하였다. 수용 전념 치료 프로그램은 총 8회기에 걸쳐 진행되었다. 프로그램 종료 후 사후 검사가 실시되었고 1개월 후 추적 검사가 이루어졌다. 연구 결과 수용 전념 치료 프로그램에 참여한 참가자들은 대기통제집단보다 사회적 회피, 자기-초점적 주의, 발표불안이 유의하게 감소되었다. 그 효과가 추적검사까지 계속되었다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점 및 추후 연구를 위한 시사점이 논의되었다.