Duarte, J. A., Mendes, A. L., Marta-Simões, J., & Ferreira, C. (2019). Striving as a paradoxical strategy to deal with fears of compassion: impact on disordered eating. Eating and Weight Disorders, 1-8. doi: 10.1007/s40519-019-00715-7
Purpose
Recent literature has documented the relationship between fears of compassion and disordered eating attitudes and behaviours. However, research on the processes underlying this association is still in the early stages. As such, this study tested a mediator model where insecure striving and inflexible eating (i.e. psychological inflexibility focused on eating) were hypothesized to mediate the impact of fears of compassion on the severity of disordered eating, while controlling for the effects of body mass index and age.
Methods
The study’s sample comprised 310 Portuguese women from the general population, aged between 18 and 65 years, who completed an online survey.
Results
Path analysis results revealed that the impact of fear of compassion for self and for others on disordered eating was fully mediated by insecure striving and inflexible eating, whereas the impact of fear of compassion from others was only partly mediated by these processes. The tested model accounted for 48% of disordered eating’s variance and presented excellent fit indices.
Conclusions
These results suggest that fears of experiencing compassion may preclude the experience of social safeness, hindering the activation of social mentalities other than rank-focused mentality. Maladaptive competitive strategies may ensue (insecure striving), such as inflexible eating, which is linked to the development of disordered eating. In terms of clinical implications, these findings stress the need to effectively assess and address fears of compassion, as they not only seem to be involved in the development of disordered eating, but also have been reported to be significant predictors of poor treatment outcomes.