Child and Adolescent Measures

This page contains a working list of child and adolescent specific measures related to ACT processes.

admin February 16, 2008 - 6:57pm

Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y)

The AFQ was derived from an initial pool of 50 items developed to measure psychological acceptance, conceptualized as an active and multidimensional process involving high or low levels of: willingness to experience private events, values-oriented action, experiential avoidance, and cognitive and emotional fusion. Results of exploratory factor analysis on these initial 50 items supported a three-factor solution. Factor one consisted of 25 items, all negatively worded. Conceptually, this factor seems to tap into experiential avoidance and fusion and is now the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y).

We have used the AFQ with children and adolescents 9-17 years old. Based on results from school studies in middle Tennessee, children report good comprehension of items. The AFQ seems to be a stronger predictor of negative outcomes such as physical and emotional symptoms.

The AFQ-Y is on ruthbaer.com.

Citations:

Greco, L. A., Lambert, W., & Baer, R. A. (2008). Psychological inflexibility in childhood and adolescence: Development and evaluation of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth. Psychological Assessment, 20(2), 93–102. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.20.2.93

Livheim, F., Tengström, A., Bond, F.W., Andersson, G., Dahl, J. & Rosendahl, I. (2016). Psychometric properties of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth: A psychological measure of psychological inflexibility in youth. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 5(2), 103-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2016.04.001

Renshaw, T.L. (2018). Probing the relative psychometric validity of three measures of psychological inflexibility. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 7, 47-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2017.12.001

Steven Hayes July 2, 2005 - 4:08pm

AFQ-Y - Czech

Suchardová, S. (2023). Krátká intervence ACT jako preventivní program ke zvýšení kognitivní flexibility u žáků středních škol. Thesis: Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci. Retrieved from https://theses.cz/id/yz2xvg/Suchardova__DP.pdf The AFQ-Y Czech version is in the appendix.

Community January 5, 2024 - 1:31pm

AFQ-Y - Dutch Version

Krimmel, K.L. (2015) Het meten van psychologische flexibiliteit: een pilot onderzoek naar de psychometrische eigenschappen van de avoidance and fusion questionnaire bij volwassen patiënten die een bariatrische ingreep ondergaan. Thesis, Universiteit of Twente. The Dutch AFQ-Y is at the end of the article.

Blokzijl, R. (2005). Measuring Acceptance-Related Constructs Among Youngsters: Evaluation of the Dutch Willingness and Action Measure for Children and Adolescents (WAM-C/A) and the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y). Thesis, University of Leiden.

Click here for het Nederlandse taalgebied vertaling gemaakt van de AFQ-Y.

Community June 14, 2021 - 11:58pm

AFQ-Y - Greek Validation

Christodoulou, A., Michaelides, M. P., & Karekla, M. (2018). Greek Version of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth: Psychometric Evaluation and Gender Multigroup Invariance in Adolescents. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 36(8), 844–849. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734282917713500
Abstract
The Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth–Eight-Item Short Version (AFQ-Y8) assesses psychological inflexibility in youth. The present study is the first to examine alternative measurement models for the Greek adaptation of the AFQ-Y8, latent associations with the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire–II (AAQ-II), gender-group invariance, and latent mean comparisons between males and females. In total, 432 students from seven high schools in Cyprus participated in the study. Both a unidimensional and a two-dimensional model had excellent fit, although the one-factor solution was substantively superior. The correlation of the latent AFQ-Y8 factor with AAQ-II was strong and positive, indicating good convergent validity. Finally, the unidimensional AFQ-Y8 model was found to be invariant for gender and no latent means difference was detected between males and females.

office_1 April 7, 2020 - 9:15am

AFQ-Y - Italian

Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth

Greco, L.A., Murrell, A.R., & Coyne, L.W. (2005). The Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth. Available from the first author and online at www.contextualscience.org.

Greco, L.A., Lambert, W., & Baer, R.A. (2008). Psychological inflexibility in childhood and adolescence: Development and evaluation of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth. Psychological Assessment, 20(2), 93-102.

Traduzione Italiana (1.0) a cura di Rossi, E., Melchiorri, E., Francesconi, C., Violini, P., Cioci, M., Ristè, N. (2013) AISCC, Gruppo Ricerca ACT.

Traduzione Italiana (2.0) a cura di Melchiorri, E., Rossi, E., Ristè, N., Violini, P., Lijoi, E., (2014) AISCC, Gruppo Ricerca ACT.

Referenza bibliografica: Rossi, E., Melchiorri, E., Violini, P., Lijoi, E., Ristè, N., Panzera, A. (2014). Validation study of the Italian Version of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y). Poster presented at ACBS World Conference 12 Poster Session - Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA - June 17-22, 2014.

Schweiger, M., Ristallo, A., Oppo, A., Pergolizzi, F., Presti, G., & Moderato, P. (2017). Ragazzi in lotta con emozioni e pensieri: la validazione della versione italiana dell’ Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (I-AFQ-Y) [Youths struggling with emotions and thoughts: validation of the Italian version of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (I-AFQ-Y)]. Psicoterapia Cognitiva e Comportamentale, 23(2), 141–162.

Compare, L., Martucci, C., Bernini, O., Cincidda, C. & Berrocal, C. (2021) Proprietà psicometriche dell'Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y) in soggetti di 6-11 anni [Psychometric properties of Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y) in children aged between 6-11]. Psicoterapia Cognitiva e Comportamentale, 27(1), 45-63. https://doi.org/doi:10.14605/PCC2712103

Il presente studio è in corso di aggiornamento.

Per informazioni: segreteria@aiscc.it – www.aiscc.it

AISCC - ACT Re… November 20, 2015 - 6:15pm

AFQ-Y - Japanese

Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y) is a measure of the psychological inflexibility of adolescents from childhood to adolescence.
There are 17 items AFQ-Y and 8 items shortened version AFQ-Y8. AFQ-Y has a one-factor structure.

Ishizu, K., Shimoda, Y., & Ohtsuki, T. (2014) Developing the scale regarding psychological inflexibility in Japanese early adolescence.
Poster presented at 30th Annual Pacific Rim International Conference on Disability and Diversity, Honolulu

The AFQ-Y Japanese Version is on the ACBS Japan Chapter website.

Community July 22, 2021 - 11:09pm

AFQ-Y - Persian Adaptation

Shabani, M., Mohsenabadi, H., Zanjani, Z., Assarian, F. (2019). Evaluation of psychometric properties of Persian version of Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ – Y). Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health, 21(5), 325-333. http://doi.org/10.22038/jfmh.2019.14804

Hekmati, I. et al (2020) Persian adaptation of avoidance and fusion questionnaire for youth (AFQ-Y): A preliminary examination of its psychometric properties. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 17, 46-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2020.05.004

Community June 8, 2021 - 1:45pm

AFQ-Y - Portuguese

Cunha, M. & Santos, A.M. (2011) Avaliação da Inflexibilidade Psicológica em Adolescentes: Estudo das qualidades psicométricas da versão portuguesa do Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y). Laboratório de Psicologia, 9(2), 133-146. Retrieved from https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/235397938.pdf

Cunha, M., Oliveira, S., Coimbra, M. et al. (2023). Assessing Psychological Inflexibility in Adolescents: A Validation Study of the Portuguese Short Version of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth. Child Youth Care Forum, 52, 123–138. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-022-09679-9

Community June 14, 2021 - 11:48pm

AFQ-Y - Spanish Validation

Se presenta la versión española validada del Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y).
El texto completo de la validación se puede encontrar en:
Valdivia-Salas, S., Martín-Albo, Zaldívar, P.J.L., Lombas, S., & Jiménez, T.I. (2017). Spanish validation of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth. Assessment, 24(7), 919-931. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191116632338

Salaza, D.M. et al (2019) Psychometric properties of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire – Youth in Colombia. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 12, 305-313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2018.11.008

García-Rubio, C., Lecuona, O., Blanco Donoso, L. M., Cantero-García, M., Paniagua, D., & Rodríguez-Carvajal, R. (2020). Spanish validation of the short-form of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire (AFQ-Y8) with children and adolescents. Psychological Assessment, 32(4), e15–e27. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000801

Sonsoles Valdivia March 22, 2017 - 11:44am

AFQ-Y - Swedish

Detta test mäter det psykologiska konstruktet ”psykologisk inflexibilitet”, eller dess motsats ”psykologisk flexibilitet” om man vänder på numreringen. Testet är framtaget för ungdomar 12-18 år. Men har även visat sig fungera bra för vuxna. Både AFQ-Y8 samt den längre versionen, AFQ-Y17 finns validerade för svenska förhållanden. I denna artikel finns testets psykometriska egenskaper beskrivna. En konklusion i denna artikel är att AFQ-Y8 är att föredra. I denna artikel summeras även all forskning internationell forskning som är gjord och vetenskapligt publicerad på AFQ-Y till och med januari 2016. Både forskning på unga och vuxna. Du hittar AFQ-Y8 här och AFQ-Y17 här.

Referenser:
[1] Livheim, F., Tengström, A., Bond, F. W., Gerhard Andersson, G., Dahl, J. & Rosendahl, I. (2016). Psychometric Properties of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth: A Psychological Measure of Psychological Inflexibility in youth. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 5(2), 103-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2016.04.001
Se länk till artikeln här.

[2] Thorsell Cederberg, J., Weineland, S., Dahl, J., Ljungman,G. (2018) A preliminary validation of the Swedish short version of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y8) for children and adolescents with cancer. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 10, 103-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2018.09.004

Community June 15, 2021 - 10:51am

AFQ-Y8 - Chinese

Chen Yanhong, Zhao Ying, Duan Yanmei, Bai Xiaoyu, Wang Shujuan, & Zhu Zhuohong. (2019). 青少年回避与融合问卷简版的信效度分析 [Reliability and validity analysis of the short version of the adolescent avoidance and fusion questionnaire]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology, 27(6), 1192-1195, 1114.

Community July 29, 2021 - 10:02pm

AFQ-Y8 - Korean Validation

Seong-Hye Choi (아주대학교), Eun-Jung Kim(아주대학교) (2016) Psychological Inflexibility in Korean Children and Adolescents : Validation of the Korean Version of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth-Eight Item Type (K-AFQ-Y8). Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 35(3), 600 - 614.

Choi Seong-Hye, Kim Eun-Jeong (2015) Assessing Psychological Inflexibility in Childhood and Adolescence : Validation of the Korean Version of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth(K-AFQ-Y). Congnitive Behavior Therapy in Korea, 15(3), 595 - 617.

Community May 21, 2021 - 12:42pm

AFQ-Y8- Turkish Version

Büyüköksüz, E., & Erözkan, A. (2019). Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire –Youth 8 (AFQ-Y8): Factor Structure and Reliability Studies in Turkish Culture. Journal of Cognitive Behavioral Psychotherapy and Research. 8(Supplement 1): 3-7.

Büyüköksüz, E., & Erözkan, A. (2019). Kaçınma ve Birleşme Ölçeği-Gençler 8 (KBÖ-G8): Türk Kültüründe Faktör Yapısı ve Güvenirlik Çalışmaları. Journal of Cognitive Behavioral Psychotherapy and Research. 8(Supplement 1): 3-7.

engin.buyukoksuz September 24, 2021 - 4:49am

Revised Avoidance & Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y; Greco, Murrell, & Coyne, 2005)

The Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y; Greco, Murrell, & Coyne, 2005) is a 17-item measure that asks respondents to rate how true each item is for them (0 = Not at All True; 4 = Very True). Items are tied to ACT’s model of human suffering and were generated to represent a theoretically cohesive conceptualization of psychological inflexibility fostered by: (1) Cognitive fusion (e.g., “My thoughts and feelings mess up my life,” “The bad things I think about myself must be true”); (2) Experiential avoidance (e.g., “I push away thoughts and feelings that I don’t like”); and (3) Inaction or behavioral ineffectiveness in the presence of unwanted internal experiences (e.g., “I can’t be a good friend when I feel upset”).

Consistent with the theory underlying acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), items converged into a 17-item scale (AFQ-Y) and an 8-item short form (AFQ-Y8). Results of classical test theory, factor analysis, and item response theory support the psychometric properties of the 17-item version of the AFQ-Y and AFQ-Y8. Overall, research suggests that the AFQ-Y may be a useful and child-friendly measure of core ACT processes.

Reference

laurieagreco January 23, 2006 - 4:12pm

Acceptance and Action Diabetes Questionnaire - Youth (AADQ-YR)

Berlin, KS, Keenan, ME, Cook, JL, et al. Measuring psychological flexibility in youth with type 1 diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes. 2020; 21: 1566– 1574. https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.13110

Community July 26, 2021 - 11:54pm

AADQ-YR - Persian

Rajaeiramsheh, F., Rezaie, Z., Davoudi, M. et al. (2021) Psychometric properties of the Persian versions of acceptance and action diabetes questionnaire (AADQ) and the diabetes acceptance and action scale (DAAS), in Iranian youth with type 1 diabetes. J Diabetes Metab Disord, 20, 655–663. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-021-00796-1 The Persian version of the AADQ-YR is in the Supplementary Information.

Community July 27, 2021 - 12:02am

Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM)

The Children's Acceptance and Mindfulness Measure is a 10-item measure of acceptance and mindfulness for youth. https://ruthbaer.com/academics/CAMM.pdf

Greco, L., Baer, R. A., & Smith, G. T. (2011). Assessing mindfulness in children and adolescents: Development and validation of the child and adolescent mindfulness measure (CAMM). Psychological Assessment, 23, 606-614.

Goodman, M.S., Madni, L.A. & Semple, R.J. (2017). Measuring Mindfulness in Youth: Review of Current Assessments, Challenges, and Future Directions. Mindfulness, 8, 1409–1420. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-017-0719-9

Prenoveau, J.M,, Papadakis, A.A., Schmitz, J.C.S., et al. (2018). Psychometric properties of the Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM) in racial minority adolescents from low-income environments. Psychological Assessment, 30(10), 1395-1400. DOI: 10.1037/pas0000630

admin July 27, 2009 - 12:45pm

CAMM - Catalan Validation

Viñas, F., Malo, S., González, M., Navarro, D., & Casas, F. (2015). Assessing Mindfulness on a Sample of Catalan-Speaking Spanish Adolescents: Validation of the Catalan Version of the Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure. The Spanish journal of psychology, 18, E46. https://doi.org/10.1017/sjp.2015.48

Community June 13, 2021 - 6:17pm

CAMM - Chinese

Chen, X., Liang, K., Huang, L., Mu, W., Dong, W., Chen, S., Chen, S., & Chi, X. (2022).The Psychometric Properties and Cutoff Score of the Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM) in Chinese Primary School Students. Children, 9(4), 499. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9040499

Community June 27, 2022 - 11:31pm

CAMM - Czech

Community January 5, 2024 - 1:30pm

CAMM - Dutch Validity

de Bruin, E.I., Zijlstra, B.J.H. & Bögels, S.M. (2014). The Meaning of Mindfulness in Children and Adolescents: Further Validation of the Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM) in Two Independent Samples from The Netherlands. Mindfulness 5, 422–430. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-013-0196-8

Community June 13, 2021 - 6:31pm

CAMM - French Validation

Roux, B., Franckx, A.-C. Lahaye, M., Deplus, S. & Philippot, P. (2019). A French validation of the Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM). Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée. 69(3), 83-89. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.erap.2019.06.001

Dion, J., Paquette, L., Daigneault, I., Godbout, N., & Hébert, M. (2018). Validation of the French Version of the Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM) Among Samples of French and Indigenous Youth. Mindfulness, 9(2), 645–653. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-017-0807-x

Letellier, S. (2018) Validation du «Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure» (CAMM) et du «Acceptance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth» (AFQ-Y) auprès d’enfants québécois de 8 à 12 ans. Université de Sherbrooke, Dissertation. Retrieved from https://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/13577
The French CAMM is in Appendix D.

Community June 13, 2021 - 6:19pm

CAMM - Greek

Theofanous, A., Ioannou, M., Zacharia, M., Georgiou, S. N., & Karekla, M. (2020). Gender, Age, and Time Invariance of the Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM) and Psychometric Properties in Three Greek-Speaking Youth Samples. Mindfulness, 110. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-020-01350-5

Community June 12, 2021 - 10:10pm

CAMM - Italian

Children's Acceptance and Mindfulness Measure

Greco, L. A., Smith, G., & Baer, R. A. (2009). Assessing mindfulness in children and adolescents: Development and validation of the Chidlren’s Acceptance and Mindfulness Measure (CAMM). Unpublished manuscript. St. Louis: University of Missouri.

Traduzione Italiana (2.0) a cura di Rossi, E., Melchiorri, E., Violini, P., Lijoi, E., Ristè, N.,(2014) AISCC, Gruppo Ricerca ACT.

Referenza bibliografica: Melchiorri, E., Rossi, E., Ristè, N., Violini, P., Lijoi, E., Panzera, A. (2014). Development and validation study of the Italian Version of the Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM . Poster presented at ACBS World Conference 12 Poster Session - Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA - June 17-22, 2014.

Ristallo, A., Schweiger, M., Oppo, A. Pergolizzi, F. Presti, G. & Moderato, P. (2016). Misurare la mindfulness in età evolutiva: proprietà psicometriche e struttura fattoriale della versione italiana della Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (I-CAMM). Psicoterapia Cognitiva e Comportamentale, 22. DOI: 10.1037/t61201-000.

Il presente studio è in corso di aggiornamento.

Per informazioni: segreteria@aiscc.it – www.aiscc.it

AISCC - ACT Re… November 20, 2015 - 6:18pm

CHILD AND ADOLESCENT MINDFULNESS MEASURE: ITALIAN VALIDATION (I-CAMM)

Attached you can find the Italian version of the Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (I- CAMM). The instrument was validated on a sample of 1336 students (age range 11-18), from different part of Italy.
The psychometric properties, factor structure, normative data and scoring are discussed in our paper “Misurare la mindfulness in età evolutiva: proprietà psicometriche e struttura fattoriale della versione italiana della Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (I-CAMM)” by Arianna Ristallo, Marta Schweiger, Annalisa Oppo, Francesca Pergolizzi, Giovambattista Presti e Paolo Moderato (Psicoterapia Cognitivo Comportamentale, in press). Below you can find the abstract:
The aim of this study is to analyze psychometric properties and factorial structure of the Italian version of the CAMM. Twelve schools were involved in the study and 1336 participants, aged between 11 and 18, were enrolled in two studies. The I-CAMM shows a two factors solution with a higher-order factor named “Mindfulness Skills”. The two factors detected are named “Awareness” and “Willingness”, respectively. The two factors solution is identified both with Exploratory Factor Analysis- performed on 657 participants recruited during the study 1 - and through the Confirmatory Factor Analysis - performed on 679 participants recruited during the study 2 – showing good indices of goodness of fit. The psychometric properties of the I-CAMM indicate good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.79 for the factor “ Mindfulness Skills”) and a good convergent validity with the scale of the internalizing problems of the YSR (r = -0,515) and with experiential avoidance and fusion measured with AFQ (r = -0,703). The mean scores of the I- CAMM are distributed differently between males and females; males reported significantly higher scores of “ Mindfulness Skills” than females. I-CAMM is a valid and reliable measure that can be easily used both in research and in clinical practice.
For further information please do not hesitate to contact us:

arianna.ristallo@gmail.com

martaschweiger26@gmail.com

Francesco Dell Orco May 18, 2016 - 8:55am

CAMM - Persian Validity

Mohsenabadi, H. and Shabani, M.J. and Assarian, F. & Zanjani, Z. (2020). Psychometric properties of the child and adolescent mindfulness measure: A psychological measure of mindfulness in youth. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 14 (1). http://eprints.iums.ac.ir/23950/

Community June 15, 2021 - 12:08am

CAMM - Portuguese Validation

Cunha, M., Galhardo, A., & Pinto-Gouveia, J. (2013). Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM): Psychometric properties of the Portuguese version. Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 26, 459-468. http://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-79722013000300005

Community June 13, 2021 - 6:22pm

CAMM - Spanish

Guerra, J., García-Gómez, M., Turanzas, J., Cordón, J.R., Suárez-Jurado, C., & Mestre, J.M. (2019). A Brief Spanish Version of the Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM). A Dispositional Mindfulness Measure. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(8), 1355. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16081355 The CAMM Spanish Translation is in Appendix A.

García-Rubio, C., Rodríguez-Carvajal, R., Langer, A. I., Paniagua, D., Steinebach, P., Andreu, C. I., Vara, M. D., & Cebolla, A. (2019). Validation of the Spanish Version of the Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM) with Samples of Spanish and Chilean Children and Adolescents. Mindfulness, 10(8), 1502–1517. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-019-01108-8

Gustin-García, M. G., & Alegre-Bravo, A. A. (2021). Validación de Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure en escolares de Lima, Perú. Revista Evaluar, 21(2), 63–79. https://doi.org/10.35670/1667-4545.v21.n2.34398

Community June 13, 2021 - 6:28pm

CAMM - Turkish

Zeynep Aydin Sünbül (2018). Psychometric Evaluation of Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM) with Turkish Sample. International Journal of Education and Psychological Research (IJEPR), 7(2), 56-59.

The CAMM Turkish translation is here.

Community July 21, 2021 - 11:23pm

Children's Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire (CPFQ)

References:

Lenoir, C., Hinman, J.M., Yi, Z. et al. (2022). Further Examination of the Children’s Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire (CPFQ): Convergent Validity and Age Appropriateness. Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 6, 224–233. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41252-022-00259-5

Bachmann, K., Hinman, J.M., Yi, Z. et al. (2021). Evaluating the Convergent and Divergent Validity of the Children’s Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire (CPFQ) among Children with Autism. Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 5, 298–303. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41252-021-00206-w

Dixon, M. R., & Paliliunas, D. (2018). Children’s psychological flexibility questionnaire. In Accept. Identify. Move. A Behavior Analytic Curriculum for Social-Emotional Development in Children (pp. 263-268). Carbondale, IL: Shawnee Scientific Press.

Steven Hayes June 11, 2022 - 9:30am

Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire for Adolescents (CPAQ-A)

Shannon Connolly, Nuno Ferreira, Leona McGarrigle, & Leyla DeAmicis (2019). Further validation of the Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire for Adolescents in a broader paediatric context. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 12, 314-321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2018.12.005
Wallace, D. P., Harbeck-Weber, C., Whiteside, S. P., & Harrison, T. E. (2011). Adolescent acceptance of pain: confirmatory factor analysis and further validation of the chronic pain acceptance questionnaire, adolescent version. The journal of pain, 12(5), 591–599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2010.11.004
McCracken, L.M., Gauntlett-Gilbert, J. & Eccleston, C. (2010). Acceptance of pain in adolescents with chronic pain: Validation of an adapted assessment instrument and preliminary correlation analyses. European Journal of Pain, 14, 316-320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpain.2009.05.002

Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire, Parent Report (CPAQ-P)

Simons, L. E., Sieberg, C. B., & Kaczynski, K. J. (2011). Measuring parent beliefs about child acceptance of pain: a preliminary validation of the Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire, parent report. Pain, 152(10), 2294–2300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2011.06.018

Community June 17, 2021 - 11:54am

Diabetes Acceptance and Action Scale for Children and Adolescents (DAAS)

The Diabetes Acceptance and Action Scale for Children and Adolescents is a 42-item measure that is being used to indicate levels of psychological flexibility in youth with Type 1 diabetes. (Authors: L. A. Greco & Hart 2005)

Scoring: To score the DAAS, first reverse score negatively worded items (see below), then sum all items. Higher scores on the DAAS should reflect higher levels of diabetes-related acceptance and action.

Reverse score key: 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42.

The authors are still in the process of collecting data. Preliminary data obtained thus far reveals statistically significant correlations: Diabetes-related quality of life = .36 (higher acceptance correlates with higher Quality of Life) Diabetes-related worry = -.41 Social anxiety = -.36 Adherence to medical regimen = .30"

Information quoted from Ciarrochi, J. & Bilich, L. (2006). Process measures of potential relevance to ACT. Unpublished manuscript, University of Wollongong, Australia.

References:

Berlin, KS, Keenan, ME, Cook, JL, et al. (2020). Measuring psychological flexibility in youth with type 1 diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes, 21, 1566–1574. https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.13110

admin February 16, 2008 - 7:07pm

DAAS - Persian

Rajaeiramsheh, F., Rezaie, Z., Davoudi, M. et al. (2021) Psychometric properties of the Persian versions of acceptance and action diabetes questionnaire (AADQ) and the diabetes acceptance and action scale (DAAS), in Iranian youth with type 1 diabetes. J Diabetes Metab Disord, 20, 655–663. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-021-00796-1 The DAAS Persian Translation is in the article's Supplementary Information.

Community August 20, 2021 - 1:09pm

Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale in adolescent (MAAS-A)

Brown, K. W., West, A. M., Loverich, T. M., & Biegel, G. M. (2011). Assessing adolescent mindfulness: Validation of an Adapted Mindful Attention Awareness Scale in adolescent normative and psychiatric populations. Psychological Assessment, 23(4), 1023–1033. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021338

Community July 28, 2021 - 6:23pm

MAAS-A - Chinese

Black, D. S., Sussman, S., Johnson, C. A., & Milam, J. (2012). Psychometric Assessment of the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) Among Chinese Adolescents. Assessment, 19(1), 42–52. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191111415365

Community July 28, 2021 - 6:27pm

MAAS-A - Dutch

de Bruin, E.I., Zijlstra, B.J.H., van de Weijer-Bergsma, E. et al. (2011) The Mindful Attention Awareness Scale for Adolescents (MAAS-A): Psychometric Properties in a Dutch Sample. Mindfulness, 2, 201–211. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-011-0061-6

Community July 28, 2021 - 6:27pm

MAAS-A - Italian

Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale - Adolescent (Day to Day Experiences)

Brown, K. W., West, A. M., Loverich, T. M., & Biegel, G. M. (2011). Assessing adolescent mindfulness: Validation of an adapted Mindfulness
Attention Awareness Scale in adolescent normative and psychiatric populations. Psychological Assessment, 23, 1023–1033.

Referenza bibliografica: Rossi, E., Melchiorri, E., Panzera., A., Ristè, N., Carloni, V., Romitelli M. (2015). Validation study of the Italian version of the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale for Adolescents (MAAS-A). Poster presented at ACBS World Conference 13 Poster Session – Berlin, German- July 14-19, 2015.

Il presente studio è in corso di aggiornamento.

Per informazioni: segreteria@aiscc.it – www.aiscc.it

AISCC - ACT Re… November 20, 2015 - 6:35pm

MAAS-A - Norwegian

Smith, O. R. F., Melkevik, O., Samdal, O., Larsen, T. M., & Haug, E. (2017). Psychometric properties of the five-item version of the Mindful Awareness Attention Scale (MAAS) in Norwegian adolescents. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 45(4), 373–380. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494817699321

Community August 11, 2021 - 3:04pm

MAAS-A - Persian

Mohsenabadi, H. and Shabani, M.J. and Zanjani, Z. (2019) Factor structure and reliability of the mindfulness attention awareness scale for adolescents and the relationship between mindfulness and anxiety in adolescents. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 13 (1).

Community July 28, 2021 - 6:25pm

MAAS-A - Spanish

Calvete, E., Sampedro, A., Orue, I. (2014) PROPIEDADES PSICOMÉTRICAS DE LA VERSIÓN ESPAÑOLA DE LA “ESCALA DE ATENCIÓN Y CONCIENCIA PLENA PARA ADOLESCENTES” (MINDFUL ATTENTION AWARENESS SCALE for ADOLESCENTS) (MAAS-A). Behavioral Psychology / Psicología Conductual, 22(2), 277-291

Community July 28, 2021 - 8:18pm

MAAS-A - Turkish

Turan, M . (2020). Bilinçli Farkındalık Ölçeği Ergen Formu’nun Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. OPUS Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi, Eğitim ve Toplum Özel sayısı, Cilt 16, 5608 - 5625. http://doi.org/10.26466/opus.683364

Community July 28, 2021 - 8:25pm

Parent Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire (PPFQ)

McCracken, L.M. & Gauntlett-Gilbert, J. (2011) Role of psychological flexibility in parents of adolescents with chronic pain: Development of a measure and preliminary correlation analyses. Pain, 152, 780–785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2010.12.001

Timmers, I, Simons, LE, Hernandez, JM, McCracken, LM, Wallace, DP. (2019) Parent psychological flexibility in the context of pediatric pain: Brief assessment and associations with parent behaviour and child functioning. Eur J Pain, 23, 1340– 1350. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejp.1403 The PPFQ-10 is attached to the article as supporting information.

Community June 28, 2022 - 12:15am

PPFQ - Chinese

LI, Z., YANG, L., ZHU, L., & ZHU, Z. (2018) A preliminary study of validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Parental Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire. Chinese Mental Health Journal, 32(2), 166-173. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6729.2018.02.014

Community July 19, 2021 - 9:36pm

PPFQ - Swedish

Wiwe Lipsker, C., Kanstrup, M., Holmström, L., Kemani, M., & Wicksell, R. K. (2016). The Parent Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire (PPFQ): Item Reduction and Validation in a Clinical Sample of Swedish Parents of Children with Chronic Pain. Children (Basel, Switzerland), 3(4), 32. https://doi.org/10.3390/children3040032

Community June 15, 2021 - 12:17pm

Parental Acceptance Questionnaire (6-PAQ)

Greene, R. L., Field, C. E., Fargo, J. D., & Twohig, M. P. (2015). Development and validation of the parental acceptance questionnaire (6-PAQ). Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 4(3), 170-175.

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop the Parental Acceptance Questionnaire (6-PAQ), an instrument measuring the six primary processes theorized to contribute to psychological flexibility among parents. Items were collaboratively developed by a team of experts. Parents (N=181) were recruited from a public elementary school and administered a pilot version of the 6-PAQ, which was refined using psychometric modeling procedures. The final version of the instrument yielded an overall internal consistency reliability coefficient of 0.84 with an average of 0.73 across the six psychological flexibility processes subscales. Results of a confirmatory factor analysis using items from the final version of the 6-PAQ suggested the measurement structure possessed an exceptional overall fit to the data: CFI=0.97, TLI=0.96, RMSEA=0.06 (90% confidence interval=0.05–0.08), and WRMR=0.86. Collectively, these results provide preliminary support for the 6-PAQ as a reliable and valid measure to assess parental psychological flexibility. Empirical and clinical implications of results as well as limitations and future directions are discussed.

Scoring:
The final version of the 6-PAQ is presented in a usable form in the appendix. The measure is completed by one parent or guardian with reference to one child. Scoring involves reversing items 1, 2, 5, 7, 10, 15, and 18, and then summing all items for the total score. Lower scores represent greater parental psychological flexibility whereas higher scores represent greater psychological inflexibility. The subscales are scored as follow: acceptance=items 3, 12, 14; defusion=6, 11, 16; being present=1, 8, 17; self as context=4, 9, 13; values=5, 10, 18; and committed action=2, 7, 15. Clinical norms and cutoffs are not yet available.

The 6-PAQ can be downloaded from the Utah State University ACT Research Group.

twohigm March 26, 2021 - 4:50pm

6-PAQ - Japanese

Tatsuto Yamada & Yasushi Fujii (2020). Reliability and Validity of the Japanese-Version Parental Acceptance Questionnaire (6-PAQ). Child & Family Behavior Therapy, 42(4), 258-267. http://doi.org/10.1080/07317107.2020.1809198

Community July 13, 2021 - 1:59pm

6-PAQ - Portuguese Version

Fonseca, A., Canavarro, M.C. & Moreira, H. (2020). Is parental psychological flexibility a (uni) dimensional construct? A bifactor analysis of the Portuguese version of the parental acceptance questionnaire (6-PAQ). Current Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-00991-y The 6-PAQ translation is in the article's supplementary material.

Community June 15, 2021 - 12:30am

6-PAQ - Spanish Validation

Parental Acceptance Questionnaire (6-PAQ) Spanish Validation: Juan M. Flujas-Contreras, Azucena García-Palacios, Inmaculada Gómez (2020) Spanish validation of the Parental Acceptance Questionnaire (6-PAQ). International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 20 (2), 163-172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2020.03.002

Community June 10, 2021 - 3:35pm

6-PAQ - Swedish

Strandberg, S. (2022). Föräldraskap och psykologisk flexibilitet: En studie om prediktorer för utbrändhet, lidande och subjektiv livskvalitet hos föräldrar med och utan barn med kroniska tillstånd. Thesis. Karlstads Universitet. The Swedish transaltion of the 6-PAQ is in the appendix.

Community August 2, 2022 - 10:52am

PAQ - Korean Adaptation

Seung-Min Kim(서울여자대학교), Kyung Park(서울여자대학교) (2017) Korean Adaptation of the Parental Acceptance Questionnaire(K-4-PAQ). THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY, Vol.22 No.3, pages 531 - 549.

Community May 21, 2021 - 12:27pm

Parental Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (PAAQ)

The Parental Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (PAAQ) is a specific AAQ measure designed to assess experiential avoidance in the context of parenting.

References
Cheron, D.M., Ehrenreich, J.T. & Pincus, D.B. (2009). Assessment of parental experiential avoidance in a clinical sample of children with anxiety disorders. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 40, 383-403. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-009-0135-z

Holmberg Bergman, T., Sandred, A., Lindstrom, T., Lappalainen, P., Ghaderi, A., & Hirvikoski, T. (2024). A psychometric evaluation of the parental acceptance and action questionnaire (PAAQ) in parents of children with and without disabilities. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 32, 100757. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2024.100757

admin March 29, 2009 - 12:04am

PAAQ - Japanese

References:

Yuki, M. & Hiroshi, S. (2018). Development of the Japanese Version of the Parental Acceptance and Action Questionnaire: A Preliminary Study. 人文論究, 67(4), 45-56. https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/120006401913/en/

Mizusaki, Y. & Sato, H. (2018). Preliminary study on the preparation of the Japanese version of the Parental Acceptance and Action Questionnaire. Humanit Res of KGU, 67, 45–56.

OKAJIMA, J. & Okajima, I. (2023). Developing and validating the Japanese version of the Parental Acceptance and Action Questionnaire among parents with infants and toddlers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(9), 5674. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20095674

Community July 13, 2021 - 2:05pm

PAAQ - Portuguese

Navega, A.C. & Cunha, M. (2018) Questionário de Aceitação e Ação para Pais: desenvolvimento da versão portuguesa, estudo da estrutura fatorial e propriedades psicométricas. ISMT, Dissertaion. The Portuguese PAAQ is in the Appendix.

Community July 29, 2021 - 1:01am

PAAQ - Spanish

Corina Shumi WONG CHEN (2018) Estilos parentales y evitación experiencial en padres de niños con trastorno por déficit de atención con o sin hiperactividad. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Thesis. The Spanish PAAQ is in the Anexo.

Community July 31, 2021 - 12:11am

PsyFlex-A

Soares, R., Cunha, M., Massano-Cardoso, I., & Galhardo, A. (2023). Assessing psychological flexibility in adolescents: Validation of PsyFlex-A . Portuguese Journal of Behavioral and Social Research, 9(1), 1–18. DOI: 10.31211/rpics.2023.9.1.284

Community March 7, 2023 - 1:16pm

PsyFlex-A - Portuguese Version

Community October 5, 2023 - 11:42am